Author page: EDGE Microwave

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS)—including GPS, Galileo, GLONASS, and BeiDou—provide the critical positioning and timing foundation for aerospace, maritime, telecommunications, transportation, and countless consumer applications. However, the extremely weak nature of GNSS signals (typically around –130 dBm at the Earth’s surface) makes them highly vulnerable to radio-frequency interference. With the increasing availability of low-cost jammers,…

Modern Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) rely on sophisticated signal structures to deliver the precise positioning and timing information used across aviation, telecommunications, autonomous systems, and countless everyday applications. While receivers interpret these signals seamlessly, the underlying modulation techniques represent decades of engineering evolution. This article provides an accessible overview of how GNSS signals are…

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) form the backbone of modern positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) services. Whether used in aviation, maritime operations, autonomous vehicles, precision agriculture, or telecommunications, GNSS enables accurate and reliable location-based capabilities across the world. In this article, we explore the structure of GNSS, the world’s major satellite navigation systems, and the…